To explore the diagnostic value of liver blood flow ultrasound parameters jointed with serum endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) for esophageal gastric variceal bleeding (EVB) in patients with liver cirrhosis.

From February 2022 to May 2024, 98 patients with liver cirrhosis admitted to the First Hospital of Yulin were served as the research subjects (all patients underwent ultrasound examination). Complying with whether the patients developed EVB, they were assigned into EVB group and cirrhosis group, and complying with the severity of EVB patients, they were assigned into mild, moderate, and severe groups. ELISA method was used to detect levels of serum ET-1 and NF-κB. Logistic method was used to analyze the influencing factors of EVB in patients with liver cirrhosis. In addition, ROC curve was used to analyze the diagnostic value of liver blood flow ultrasound parameters jointed with serum ET-1 and NF-κB for EVB in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Compared with the cirrhosis group, the EVB group had prominently higher partal vein diameter(PVD), hepatic venous damping index(HV-DI), serum ET-1, and NF-κB (P<0.05), and prominently lower portal vein flow velocity (PVV) and intrahepatic circulatory time (IHCT) (P<0.05). The PVD, HV-DI, serum ET-1, and NF-κB increased sequentially in the mild, moderate, and severe groups (P<0.05), while the PVV and IHCT decreased sequentially (P<0.05). Logistic analysis showed that prothrombin time, ET-1, and NF-κB were risk factors for EVB in patients with liver cirrhosis (P<0.05), while platelet was a protective factor (P<0.05). ROC curve results showed that the joint of PVD, PVV, HV-DI, IHCT, and serum ET-1 and NF-κB had an AUC of 0.969 for diagnosing EVB in patients with liver cirrhosis, in addition, the AUC of joint diagnosis was better than that of individual indicator detection (Z=2.696, 2.723, 2.706, 2.718, 2.705, 2.699, P<0.05).

Changes in PVD, PVV, HV-DI, IHCT, serum ET-1, and NF-κB levels are all related to EVB in patients with cirrhosis. The combination of hepatic blood flow ultrasound parameters with serum ET-1 and NF-κB has certain clinical value in diagnosing EVB in patients with cirrhosis.