贲门失弛缓症的诊断与治疗研究进展

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-2015.2021.02.006

贲门失弛缓症（AC）作为原发性食管动力障碍性疾病的一种，以食管下段括约肌松弛功能受损、食管蠕动减弱或消失为主要特征，年发病率为1/100 000~3/100 000，临床表现以吞咽困难最为常见。食管测压法为其诊断金标准，另外还有内镜检查、食管钡餐造影检查等诊断方法。目前发病机制尚未明确，临床上可通过药物治疗、肉毒杆菌毒素注射、气囊扩张术、食管支架植入术、腹腔镜下Heller肌切开术、经口内镜下肌切开术等进行治疗。

关键词: 贲门失弛缓症, 诊断, 治疗

Achalasia (AC) is a primary esophageal motility disorder characterized by impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter and absent or decreased peristalsis of the esophageal which annual incidence is about 1/100 000-3/100 000. The most common clinical manifestation of AC is dysphagia. At present, the esophageal manometry has become the gold standard for the diagnosis of AC. In addition, diagnostic methods of AC include endoscopy and X-ray barium meal. The pathogenesis of achalasia is not fully clarified, treatment modalities include pharmacological therapy, botulinum toxin injection, balloon dilatation, esophageal stents therapy, laparoscopic Heller myotomy, and per-oral endoscopic myotomy.

Key words: Achalasia, Diagnosis, Treatment

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