盆底超声评估不同孕期体重增加值对女性产后盆底功能的近期影响。

选取深圳市宝安区妇幼保健院2020年1月至2020年10月190例经阴道分娩的单胎初产妇为本次研究对象，将研究对象根据美国医学研究所(IOM)公布的指南妊娠期体重增长推荐值、建议单胎孕妇孕期总增重范围将其分为体重增长不足、增长适宜、增长过多3个研究组，分析3个研究组产后42天的超声评估参数与体重增加值的相关性及尿道后角开放发生率。从3组研究组各随机抽取40名行成对比组，分析对比组数据的统计学差异性。

体重增长不足、增长适宜、增长过多3个组的尿道后角开放发生率依次增加，同时各研究组内的膀胱颈移动度与其孕期体重增长值的相关性显著，呈正相关(P<0.05)。3个对比组之间的膀胱颈移动度、膀胱最低点相对于耻骨下缘的距离数据差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)，3组数据均值受体重增长影响依次变大。

盆底超声评估显示孕期体重增长范围越大对盆底组织功能近期影响明显越大。因此孕期应该合理控制体重增长值，降低其对盆底功能的损害，同时孕期体重增长不合理或明显过多的产后孕妇应及时进行盆底超声评估，并及时进行产后康复锻炼。

To evaluate short term influence of gestational weight gain on postpartum pelvic floor function by pelvic floor ultrasound.

A total of 190 cases of singleton primiparas with vaginal delivery in our hospital from January 2020 to October 2020 were randomly enrolled into this study.According to the guideline about the recommended gestational weight gain for singleton pregnant women published by the American Institute of Medical Research(IOM), the cases were divided into three groups: insufficient weight gain group, appropriate weight gain group and excessive weight gain group.The correlation between ultasonic evaluation parameters at postpartum 42 days and weight gain and the incidence of posterior urethral horn opening in the 3 study groups were analyzed.

The incidence of posterior urethral horn opening in the three groups of insufficient weight gain, appropriate weight gain and excessive weight gain increased in turn.At the same time, there was a significant positive correlation between the parameters of bladder neck movement and the value of gestational weight gain in each group(P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the bladder neck movement and the distance between the lowest point of bladder and the lower edge of pubis among the three groups(P<0.05). The mean value of the three groups of data became larger in turn with the increase of weight.

Pelvic floor ultrasound evaluation showed that the greater the weight gain during pregnancy, the greater the short-term influence on pelvic floor function.Therefore, weight gain should be controlled reasonably during pregnancy to reduce its damage to pelvic floor function.At the same time, if the weight gain is unreasonable or excessive, ultrasound assessment should be conducted in time, and the rehabilitation exercise should be carried out in time.