切换至 "中华医学电子期刊资源库"

中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (03) : 222 -225. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-2015.2024.03.007

论著

早期母乳微量喂养对极低出生体重儿生长发育和喂养不耐受的影响研究
钟学红1, 吴旭红1,(), 杨芹1, 王红1, 王娟1   
  1. 1. 100045 国家医学中心首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院NICU
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-08 出版日期:2024-06-01
  • 通信作者: 吴旭红
  • 基金资助:
    中华医学会杂志社2022-2023年护理学科研究课题(CMAPH-NRI2022050)

Effects of early breast milk microfeeding on growth and feeding intolerance of very low birth weight infants

Xuehong Zhong1, Xuhong Wu1,(), Qin Yang1, Hong Wang1, Juan Wang1   

  1. 1. Department of NICU, National Medical Center Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China
  • Received:2024-01-08 Published:2024-06-01
  • Corresponding author: Xuhong Wu
引用本文:

钟学红, 吴旭红, 杨芹, 王红, 王娟. 早期母乳微量喂养对极低出生体重儿生长发育和喂养不耐受的影响研究[J]. 中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版), 2024, 14(03): 222-225.

Xuehong Zhong, Xuhong Wu, Qin Yang, Hong Wang, Juan Wang. Effects of early breast milk microfeeding on growth and feeding intolerance of very low birth weight infants[J]. Chinese Journal of Digestion and Medical Imageology(Electronic Edition), 2024, 14(03): 222-225.

目的

极低出生体重儿(VLBWI)需要充足的营养以满足自身快速生长发育,但同时还需要注意患儿在营养支持过程中出现喂养不耐受和相关并发症的风险。本研究探讨早期母乳微量喂养对VLBWI生长发育和喂养不耐受的影响,为今后VLBWI的营养治疗提供合理方法。

方法

选取2021年1月至2023年4月首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院收治的VLBWI 92例为研究对象,根据喂养方式分为观察组56例和对照组36例。两组均行静脉营养支持,观察组给予早期母乳微量喂养,对照组给予常规喂养。观察和比较两组生长发育状况及胃功能变化。

结果

观察组经口喂养时间[(6.8±0.4)d]、全肠内喂养达到时间[(13.7±1.2)d]以及住院时间[(38.1±3.5)d]均明显低于对照组(t=-8.572、-9.113、-6.028,P<0.05);观察组身长增长速度[(0.93±0.15)cm/周]、头围增长速度[(0.67±0.06)cm/周]、体重增长速度[(18.75±2.87)g/(kg·d)]均明显高于对照组(t=4.442、2.571、4.861,P<0.05);观察组恢复出生体重时间[(8.1±1.3)d]明显低于对照组(t=-7.522,P<0.05);观察组呕吐、胃潴留发生率(分别为8.9%、8.9%)均明显低于对照组(χ2=5.705、8.664,P<0.05)。

结论

早期母乳微量喂养能显著提高VLBWI生长发育水平,降低胃肠道喂养不耐受发生率,缩短住院时间。

Objective

Very low birth weight infants (VLBWI) need adequate nutrition to meet their rapid growth and development, but also need to pay attention to the risk of feeding intolerance and related complications in the course of nutritional support. This study is investigate the effects of early breast milk microfeeding on the growth and feeding intolerance of VLBWI, so as to provide a reasonable method for nutritional treatment of VLBWI in the future.

Methods

A total of 92 VLBWI admitted to Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2021 to April 2023 were selected as the research objects. According to the feeding method, they were divided into observation group (56 cases) and control group (36 cases). Both groups received intravenous nutrition support, the observation group was given early breast milk microfeeding, and the control group was given routine feeding. The growth and development status and gastrointestinal function of the two groups were observed and compared.

Results

The oral feeding time [(6.8±0.4) d], the total enteral feeding time [(13.7±1.2) d] and the hospitalization time [(38.1±3.5) d] in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (t=-8.572, -9.113, -6.028, P<0.05). The growth rate of body length [(0.93±0.15) cm/week], head circumference [(0.67±0.06) cm/week] and body weight [(18.75±2.87) g/(kg·d)] in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (t=4.442, 2.571, 4.861, P<0.05). The recovery time of birth weight in the observation group [(8.1±1.3) d] was significantly lower than that in the control group (t=-7.522, P<0.05). The incidence of vomiting and gastric retention in the observation group (8.9% and 8.9%, respectively) was significantly lower than that in the control group (χ2=5.705, 8.664, P<0.05).

Conclusion

Early breast milk microfeeding can significantly improve the growth and development of VLBWI, reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal feeding intolerance, and shorten the length of hospital stay.

表1 两组临床喂养情况比较(d,±s
表2 两组生长发育情况比较(±s
表3 两组喂养不耐受及坏死性小肠结肠炎发生率比较[例(%)]
[1]
柯若, 陈思思, 周瑞茜, 等. 不同胎龄超低出生体重儿肠内喂养状况比较[J]. 中华全科医学, 2022, 20(8): 1353-1356.
[2]
Cantillon M, Hennessy T, Amon B, et al. Mitigation of gaseous emissions from dairy livestock: A farm-level method to examine the financial implications[J]. J Environ Manage, 202, 352: 119904.
[3]
Wang Y, Li B, Zhang C, et al. Group-based sleep trajectories in children and adolescents: A systematic review[J]. Sleep Med Rev, 2024, 75: 101916.
[4]
Bogevik AS, Krasnov A, Burgerhout E, et al. Effect of prolonged feeding of broodstock diet with increased inclusion of essential n-3 fatty acids on maturing and spawning performance in 3-year-old Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar)[J]. Gen Comp Endocrinol, 2024, 348: 114434.
[5]
王卫平. 儿科学[M]. 9版, 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2019: 11.
[6]
中国医师协会新生儿科医师分会循证专业委员会. 早产儿喂养不耐受临床诊疗指南(2020)[J]. 中国当代儿科杂志, 2020, 22(10): 1047-1055.
[7]
Jones D, Gingrich M, Anstee C, et al. Multicentre positive deviance seminar to generate best practice recommendations to reduce anastomotic leak and length of stay for patients undergoing oesophagectomy[J]. BMJ Open Qual, 2023, 12(4): e002458.
[8]
成彩丽, 戴露, 佘娟. 早期母乳微量喂养对极低出生体重儿生长发育及肠道功能的影响[J]. 中国临床医生杂志, 2021, 49(11): 1372-1375.
[9]
赵丽娟. 早期外周静脉营养联合微量喂养治疗极低出生体重早产儿的临床疗效[J]. 吉林医学, 2018, 39(6): 1173-1174.
[10]
罗欢, 段苏容, 王华. 新生儿标准肠外营养液配方使用规范[J]. 四川大学学报(医学版), 2022, 53(5): 941-944.
[11]
陈苗, 赵红梅, 朱训. 早期微量喂养联合抚触预防早产儿喂养不耐受的效果[J]. 临床医学研究与实践, 2018, 3(11): 134-135.
[12]
张银龙. 早期微量喂养对极低出生体重儿内环境稳定、生长发育及肠道功能影响[J]. 内蒙古医科大学学报, 2021, 43(1): 65-68.
[13]
舒国琴, 乐燕. 早期肠内微量喂养母乳联合益生菌对早产儿喂养情况及肠道菌群的影响[J]. 临床医学研究与实践, 2021, 6(21): 110-112.
[14]
林泉, 何丽芬. 早期微量喂养与肠外营养对早产儿生长发育的影响分析[J]. 医学理论与实践, 2020, 33(15): 2568-2569.
[15]
邓智青, 邓琼珲. 早期微量喂养联合妈咪爱预防早产儿坏死性小肠结肠炎发生的有效性研究[J]. 海峡药学, 2018, 30(1): 136-138.
[16]
李敏, 熊菲. 母乳成分及其影响因素的研究现状[J/OL]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2023, 19(3): 267-272.
[1] 汤沈力, 刘泽宇, 宁平. 母乳微生态与哺乳期急性乳腺炎相关性的研究进展[J]. 中华乳腺病杂志(电子版), 2020, 14(06): 371-374.
[2] 高海凤, 丁松涛, 李艳, 张宏伟, 刘红艳, 张轶, 陈颖. 乳头修复术治疗哺乳期慢性乳头损伤的临床研究[J]. 中华乳腺病杂志(电子版), 2020, 14(05): 280-284.
[3] 李敏, 熊菲. 母乳成分及其影响因素的研究现状[J]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2023, 19(03): 267-272.
[4] 唐梅, 杨凡. 母乳喂养与儿童单纯性肥胖的研究现状[J]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2022, 18(03): 269-274.
[5] 李磊, 白辉科, 许婉婷, 蒋依伶, 吴晨, 刘丽, 李德渊. 2种机械通气模式在极低出生体重早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征中的呼吸支持作用[J]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2022, 18(02): 198-204.
[6] 廖莎, 黄燕, 邓媛. 产褥期乳腺炎影响因素分析[J]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2021, 17(06): 715-725.
[7] 龙丽娟, 闭宏娟, 黄谊思, 韦秋芬, 姚丽平. 极/超低出生体重儿胃肠外营养相关性胆汁淤积的临床特点分析[J]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2021, 17(05): 545-551.
[8] 姚丽平, 李燕, 韦秋芬, 蒙丹华, 沈开颜, 闭宏娟, 经连芳, 谭伟. 早期神经发展计划对早产儿神经发育影响的前瞻性研究[J]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2020, 16(05): 590-596.
[9] 陈丹丹, 徐文英, 黄蓓, 殷颢凌, 陈莹, 王世佳, 王玉美. 情景式营养教育对婴儿喂养状况的影响[J]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2019, 15(04): 415-419.
[10] 王彩英, 何明, 刘玉环, 何树新, 庞琳. 慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染母亲母乳喂养婴儿乙型肝炎病毒表面抗体水平监测及临床意义[J]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2021, 15(05): 344-349.
[11] 张明欣, 马艳宁, 金作林. 隐形功能矫治在青少年骨性Ⅱ类下颌后缩患者治疗中的研究进展[J]. 中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(01): 61-64.
[12] 甘梓淇, 曹阳. 儿童错HE畸形早期矫治的研究进展[J]. 中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版), 2022, 16(05): 269-274.
[13] 韩道旭, 王勉, 王艺璇, 韩晓云, 李春晓. 妊娠期高血压疾病患者血清Ca2+、25-羟维生素D、D-二聚体水平变化及临床意义[J]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(01): 43-47.
[14] 陈瑛, 张迪, 王晓颖, 彭晓艳, 韩同英, 陈亮, 贾盛华, 李莉. 血小板参数与极低出生体重儿严重并发症和住院时长的相关性[J]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2021, 15(02): 87-94.
[15] 骆辉珍, 叶伟雄, 蔡绪伟, 杜宝文. 肥胖儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征对生长发育和代谢指标的影响[J]. 中华肥胖与代谢病电子杂志, 2022, 08(03): 164-168.
阅读次数
全文


摘要