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中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (02) : 101 -106. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-2015.2025.02.002

论著

吸烟对特发性慢性胰腺炎患者临床特征的影响
王帆1, 刘雨1,2, 蔡亦李1,3, 张菂1, 王丹1, 胡良皞1, 李兆申1,()   
  1. 1. 200433 上海,海军军医大学第一附属医院消化内科
    2. 210002 南京,中国人民解放军东部战区总医院消化内科
    3. 200052 上海,海军军医大学海军特色医学中心消化内科
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-09 出版日期:2025-04-01
  • 通信作者: 李兆申
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(82270679,82200723,82230018)

Effect of smoking on clinical characteristics of patients with idiopathic chronic pancreatitis

Fan Wang1, Yu Liu1,2, Yili Cai1,3, Di Zhang1, Dan Wang1, Lianghao Hu1, Zhaoshen Li1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Gastroenterology,First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200433,China
    2. Department of Gastroenterology,General Hospital of Eastern Theater of the Chinese People's Liberation Army,Nanjing 210002,China
    3. Department of Gastroenterology,Naval Medical Center Navy Medical University,Shanghai 200052,China
  • Received:2025-02-09 Published:2025-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Zhaoshen Li
引用本文:

王帆, 刘雨, 蔡亦李, 张菂, 王丹, 胡良皞, 李兆申. 吸烟对特发性慢性胰腺炎患者临床特征的影响[J/OL]. 中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版), 2025, 15(02): 101-106.

Fan Wang, Yu Liu, Yili Cai, Di Zhang, Dan Wang, Lianghao Hu, Zhaoshen Li. Effect of smoking on clinical characteristics of patients with idiopathic chronic pancreatitis[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Digestion and Medical Imageology(Electronic Edition), 2025, 15(02): 101-106.

目的

分析特发性慢性胰腺炎患者中吸烟者与不吸烟者的临床特征及病程差异,以明确吸烟对特发性慢性胰腺炎患者临床特征的影响。

方法

前瞻性收集2010 年1 月至2013 年12月间海军军医大学第一附属医院消化内科收治的966 例特发性慢性胰腺炎患者的临床资料,根据是否有吸烟史将患者分为吸烟组和不吸烟组,比较两组的临床特征。采用Kaplan-Meier 法计算特发性慢性胰腺炎起病后脂肪泻、糖尿病、胰腺假性囊肿、胰腺结石及胆总管狭窄的累计发生率。

结果

966例特发性慢性胰腺炎患者中吸烟患者274 例,不吸烟患者692 例。吸烟患者的临床特征与不吸烟患者明显不同,其中慢性胰腺炎发病年龄、确诊年龄、起病时为青少年、主胰管形态、疼痛类型、胰管成功引流、治疗方式、胰管结石和胰腺假性囊肿有显著差异(P 均<0.05)。吸烟组患者胰管结石(P=0.002)和胰腺假性囊肿(P<0.001)的发生率显著高于不吸烟组患者。

结论

吸烟组与不吸烟组特发性慢性胰腺炎患者的临床特征存在显著差异,吸烟组慢性胰腺炎相关并发症发生率更高,并加速胰腺假性囊肿的发生,吸烟可能对特发性慢性胰腺炎患者的临床特征有显著影响。

Objective

To analyze the clinical characteristics and course differences between smokers and non-smokers in patients with idiopathic chronic pancreatitis,in order to clarify the impact of smoking on the clinical characteristics of patients with idiopathic chronic pancreatitis.

Methods

Prospective clinical data were collected from 966 patients with idiopathic chronic pancreatitis admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University from January 2010 to December 2013. Patients were divided into a smoking group and a non-smoking group based on their smoking history,and their clinical characteristics were compared between the two groups.Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the cumulative incidence of steatorrhea,diabetes,pancreatic pseudocysts,pancreatic stones and biliary stricture after the onset of idiopathic chronic pancreatitis.

Results

Among 966 patients with idiopathic chronic pancreatitis,274 were smokers and 692 were non-smokers. The clinical characteristics of smokers are significantly different from non-smokers,with significant differences in the age of onset,age of diagnosis,adolescent onset,main pancreatic duct morphology,pain type,successful drainage of the pancreatic duct,treatment methods,pancreatic duct stones,and pancreatic pseudocysts (all P<0.05). The incidence of pancreatic duct stones (P=0.002) and pancreatic pseudocysts (P<0.001) in the smoking group was significantly higher than that in the non-smoking group.

Conclusion

There is a significant difference in the clinical characteristics of patients with idiopathic chronic pancreatitis between the smoking group and the non-smoking group. The smoking group has a higher incidence of complications related to chronic pancreatitis and accelerates the occurrence of pancreatic pseudocysts. Therefore,smoking may have a significant impact on the clinical characteristics of patients with idiopathic chronic pancreatitis.

表1 吸烟组和不吸烟组的特发性慢性胰腺炎患者临床资料比较
临床资料 吸烟组(274 例) 不吸烟组(692 例) 统计值 P
男性[例(%)] 274 (100.0) 337 (48.7) 222.233 <0.001
体重指数(kg/m2 21.3 (19.8~23.4) 20.4 (18.2~22.7) -4.269 <0.001
慢性胰腺炎发病年龄(岁) 39.6 (30.0~49.8) 33.0 (19.0~47.2) -5.809 <0.001
慢性胰腺炎确诊年龄(岁) 45.4 (37.4~54.9) 38.6 (24.0~51.3) -6.459 <0.001
起病时为青少年[例(%)] 14 (5.1) 165 (23.8) 45.634 <0.001
起病表现[例(%)] 3.840 0.147
胰源性腹痛 232 (84.7) 551 (79.6)
糖尿病或脂肪泻 27 (9.9) 100 (14.5)
其他 15 (5.5) 41 (5.9)
主胰管形态[例(%)] 10.016 0.018
单纯胰管结石 73 (26.6) 242 (35.0)
单纯主胰管狭窄 42 (15.3) 124 (17.9)
主胰管狭窄合并胰管结石 126 (46.0) 266 (38.4)
复杂病变 33 (12.0) 60 (8.7)
疼痛类型[例(%)] 12.684 0.013
复发性急性胰腺炎疼痛 83 (30.3) 179 (25.9)
反复腹痛 59 (21.5) 227 (32.8)
复发性急性胰腺炎伴反复腹痛 87(31.8) 178 (25.7)
慢性腹痛 22 (8.0) 49 (7.1)
无痛 23 (8.4) 59 (8.5)
重症急性胰腺炎[例(%)] 7 (2.6) 27 (3.9) 1.049 0.306
胰管成功引流[例(%)] 170 (62.0) 478 (69.1) 4.394 0.036
治疗方式[例(%)] 23.705 <0.001
单纯内镜治疗 241 (88.0) 522 (75.4)
单纯外科治疗 5 (1.8) 65 (9.4)
内镜联合外科治疗 16 (5.8) 49 (7.1)
保守治疗 12 (4.4) 56 (8.1)
三级亲属以内存在糖尿病[例(%)] 27 (9.9) 49 (7.1) 2.082 0.149
三级亲属以内存在胰腺疾病[例(%)] 9 (3.3) 13 (1.9) 1.744 0.187
胰管结石[例(%)] 253 (92.3) 589 (85.1) 9.145 0.002
糖尿病[例(%)] 71 (25.9) 152 (22.0) 1.722 0.189
脂肪泻[例(%)] 48 (17.5) 138 (19.9) 0.742 0.389
胰腺假性囊肿[例(%)] 56 (20.4) 67 (9.7) 20.436 <0.001
胆管狭窄[例(%)] 37 (13.5) 77 (11.1) 1.065 0.302
图1 特发性慢性胰腺炎发病后糖尿病累积发生率
图2 特发性慢性胰腺炎发病后脂肪泻累积发生率
图3 特发性慢性胰腺炎发病后胰腺假性囊肿累积发生率
图4 特发性慢性胰腺炎发病后胆总管狭窄累积发生率
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