乌司他丁抑制JAK2/STAT3介导的细胞焦亡在减轻重症急性胰腺炎大鼠肠黏膜屏障损伤的作用

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-2015.2025.04.007

中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (04) : 326 -333. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-2015.2025.04.007

论著

乌司他丁抑制JAK2/STAT3介导的细胞焦亡在减轻重症急性胰腺炎大鼠肠黏膜屏障损伤的作用

张檀檀¹, 王胤², 吴炜¹, 过之一¹, 秦晓雯¹, 梁海¹^,^†(

)

¹236800　安徽省，亳州市人民医院（安徽医科大学附属亳州医院）药学部
²236800　安徽省，亳州市人民医院（安徽医科大学附属亳州医院）消化内科

收稿日期:2025-02-08 出版日期:2025-08-01
通信作者: 梁海
基金资助:
亳州市重点研发计划项目(bzzc2021023); 安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(2022e07020066)

Ulinastatin alleviates intestinal mucosal barrier injury in rats with severe acute pancreatitis by inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 mediated pyroptosis

Tantan Zhang¹, Yin Wang², Wei Wu¹, Zhiyi Guo¹, Xiaowen Qin¹, Hai Liang¹^,^†()

¹Department of Pharmacy, Bozhou People's Hospital (Bozhou Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University), Bozhou 236800, China
²Department of Gastroenterology, Bozhou People's Hospital (Bozhou Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University), Bozhou 236800, China

Received:2025-02-08 Published:2025-08-01
Corresponding author: Hai Liang

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引用本文：

张檀檀, 王胤, 吴炜, 过之一, 秦晓雯, 梁海. 乌司他丁抑制JAK2/STAT3介导的细胞焦亡在减轻重症急性胰腺炎大鼠肠黏膜屏障损伤的作用[J/OL]. 中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版), 2025, 15(04): 326-333.

Tantan Zhang, Yin Wang, Wei Wu, Zhiyi Guo, Xiaowen Qin, Hai Liang. Ulinastatin alleviates intestinal mucosal barrier injury in rats with severe acute pancreatitis by inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 mediated pyroptosis[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Digestion and Medical Imageology(Electronic Edition), 2025, 15(04): 326-333.

目的

观察乌司他丁抑制酪氨酸激酶2/信号转导和转录激活因子3（JAK2/STAT3）介导的细胞焦亡减轻重症急性胰腺炎（SAP）大鼠肠黏膜屏障损伤的效果。

方法

采用随机数字表法将72只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、SAP模型组、低剂量乌司他丁组（5000 U/kg）、中剂量乌司他丁组（10 000 U/kg）、高剂量乌司他丁组（30 000 U/kg）和高剂量乌司他丁＋BE（Broussonin E，JAK2激活剂）组（30 000 U/kg＋Broussonin E），每组12只。除假手术组外，其余4组均采用胰管注射5%牛磺胆酸钠建立SAP大鼠模型。造模后0、6、12 h，低剂量乌司他丁组、中剂量乌司他丁组、高剂量乌司他丁组、高剂量乌司他丁＋BE组大鼠腹腔注射相应剂量药物，假手术组和SAP模型组腹腔注射等量PBS。建模24 h后测量腹水量及胰腺、肠组织干湿质量比；HE染色观察胰腺和肠黏膜组织病理变化；ELISA检测血清肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素（IL）-1β、IL-18、二胺氧化酶（DAO）和肠脂肪酸结合蛋白（IFABP）水平；免疫组化和Western blot检测肠黏膜组织JAK2、STAT3、裂解半胱氨酸天冬氨酸特异性蛋白酶1（cleaved-caspase-1）、Gasdermin D-N（GSDMD-N）阳性细胞与蛋白表达。在病理评分（Schmidt、Chiu's评分）和数据测量过程中对实验人员实施盲法。

结果

与假手术组比较，SAP模型组胰腺和肠干湿质量比均降低，病理评分（Schmidt、Chiu's评分）、血清指标（TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-18、DAO、IFABP）及JAK2、STAT3、cleaved-caspase-1、GSDMD-N阳性细胞表达与蛋白水平显著升高（均P<0.05）；与SAP模型组比较，乌司他丁治疗大鼠腹水量、病理评分、血清指标及JAK2、STAT3、cleaved-caspase-1、GSDMD-N阳性细胞表达与蛋白水平显著减少，胰腺和肠干湿质量比升高，且呈剂量依赖性（均P<0.05）；相较于高剂量乌司他丁组，高剂量乌司他丁＋BE组大鼠腹水量、病理评分、血清指标及JAK2、STAT3、cleaved-caspase-1、GSDMD-N阳性细胞表达与蛋白水平显著升高，胰腺和肠干湿质量比降低（均P<0.05）。

结论

乌司他丁剂量依赖性抑制JAK2/STAT3介导的肠道细胞焦亡，改善SAP大鼠肠黏膜炎性反应，减轻黏膜屏障损伤，30 000 U/kg剂量最佳。

关键词: 重症急性胰腺炎, 肠黏膜屏障损伤, 乌司他丁, JAK2/STAT3, 细胞焦亡

Objective

To investigate the effect of ulinastatin on Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3)-mediated pyroptosis alleviates intestinal mucosal barrier injury in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).

Methods

Using the random number table method, 72 SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, SAP model group, low-dose ulinastatin group (5 000 U/kg), medium-dose ulinastatin group (10 000 U/kg), high-dose ulinastatin group (30 000 U/kg) and high-dose ulinastatin+BE (Broussonin E, JAK2 activator) group (30 000 U/kg+Broussonin E), 12 animals in each group. Except for the sham operation group, the other four groups were injected with 5% sodium taurocholate through the pancreatic duct to establish the SAP rat model. At 0, 6 and 12 h after modeling, the rats in low-dose ulinastatin group, middle-dose ulinastatin group, high-dose ulinastatin group, and high-dose ulinastatin+BE group were intraperitoneally injected with corresponding doses of drugs, and the rats in sham operation group and SAP model group were intraperitoneally injected with the same volume of PBS. After 24 hours of modeling, the ascites volume and the dry/wet mass ratio of pancreatic and intestinal tissues were measured; HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of pancreatic and intestinal mucosa tissues; ELISA was used to detect serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, diamine oxidase (DAO) and intestinal fatty acid binding protein (IFABP) levels; immunohistochemical method and WB were used to detect the positive cells and protein expression of JAK2, STAT3, cleaved-caspase-1, and Gasdermin D-N (GSDMD-N). The experimenter was blinded during pathological scoring (Schmidt score, Chiu's score) and data measurement.

Results

Compared with the sham operation group, the SAP model group had the lower pancreas and intestinal dry/wet mass ratio, pathological scores (Schmidt score, Chiu’s score), serum indicators (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-18, DAO, IFABP) and JAK2, STAT3, cleaved-caspase-1, GSDMD-N positive cell expression and protein levels were significantly increased (all P<0.05). Compared with the SAP model group, the ascites volume, pathological scores, serum indicators, and positive cell expression and protein levels of JAK2, STAT3, cleaved-caspase-1 and GSDMD-N in rats treated with ulinastatin significantly reduced, and the dry/wet mass ratio of pancreas and intestine was increased in a dose-dependent manner (all P<0.05). Compared with the high-dose ulinastatin group, the ascites volume, pathological score, serum indexes, the positive cell expression and protein levels of JAK2, STAT3, cleaved-caspase-1 and GSDMD-N in the high-dose ulinastatin+BE group were significantly increased, and the dry/wet mass ratio of pancreas and intestine was decreased (all P<0.05).

Conclusion

Ulinastatin dose-dependently inhibits JAK2/STAT3 mediated intestinal cell pyroptosis, improves the inflammatory response of intestinal mucosa in SAP rats, and reduces mucosal barrier damage, with the optimal dose of 30 000 U/kg.

Key words: Severe acute pancreatitis, Intestinal mucosal barrier injury, Ulinastatin, JAK2/STAT3, Pyroptosis

表1 各组大鼠腹水及组织干湿重比（

± s）

组别	鼠数	腹水(mL)	胰腺干湿质量比	肠干湿质量比
假手术组	6	-	0.47±0.06	0.42±0.07
重症急性胰腺炎模型组	6	8.76±1.47	0.19±0.02^a	0.21±0.01^a
低剂量乌司他丁组	6	5.88±1.12^b	0.22±0.02^ab	0.26±0.03^ab
中剂量乌司他丁组	6	4.94±0.74^bc	0.30±0.05^abc	0.32±0.03^abc
高剂量乌司他丁组	6	4.13±0.50^bcd	0.36±0.03^abcd	0.39±0.05^abcd
高剂量乌司他丁+BE组	6	5.12±0.87^be	0.25±0.03^abe	0.29±0.04^abe

表1 各组大鼠腹水及组织干湿重比（

± s）

组别	鼠数	腹水(mL)	胰腺干湿质量比	肠干湿质量比
假手术组	6	-	0.47±0.06	0.42±0.07
重症急性胰腺炎模型组	6	8.76±1.47	0.19±0.02^a	0.21±0.01^a
低剂量乌司他丁组	6	5.88±1.12^b	0.22±0.02^ab	0.26±0.03^ab
中剂量乌司他丁组	6	4.94±0.74^bc	0.30±0.05^abc	0.32±0.03^abc
高剂量乌司他丁组	6	4.13±0.50^bcd	0.36±0.03^abcd	0.39±0.05^abcd
高剂量乌司他丁+BE组	6	5.12±0.87^be	0.25±0.03^abe	0.29±0.04^abe

图1 各组大鼠胰腺组织病理变化（HE染色）

图2 各组大鼠肠黏膜组织病理变化（HE染色）

表2 各组大鼠Schmidt评分和Chiu's评分（

± s）

组别	鼠数	胰腺组织病理评分	肠黏膜组织病理评分
假手术组	6	1.33±0.52	1.17±0.41
重症急性胰腺炎模型组	6	9.83±0.17^a	5.00±0.89^a
低剂量乌司他丁组	6	8.33±0.82^ab	4.33±0.52^ab
中剂量乌司他丁组	6	7.00±0.63^abc	3.33±1.03^abc
高剂量乌司他丁组	6	5.33±0.83^abcd	2.17±0.75^abcd
高剂量乌司他丁+BE组	6	7.15±0.71^abce	4.88±0.85^abde

表2 各组大鼠Schmidt评分和Chiu's评分（

± s）

组别	鼠数	胰腺组织病理评分	肠黏膜组织病理评分
假手术组	6	1.33±0.52	1.17±0.41
重症急性胰腺炎模型组	6	9.83±0.17^a	5.00±0.89^a
低剂量乌司他丁组	6	8.33±0.82^ab	4.33±0.52^ab
中剂量乌司他丁组	6	7.00±0.63^abc	3.33±1.03^abc
高剂量乌司他丁组	6	5.33±0.83^abcd	2.17±0.75^abcd
高剂量乌司他丁+BE组	6	7.15±0.71^abce	4.88±0.85^abde

图3 各组大鼠血清炎症因子表达注：TNF-α肿瘤坏死因子-α；IL白细胞介素；SAP重症急性胰腺炎；^*P<0.05；^***P<0.001

表3 各组大鼠肠黏膜屏障损伤情况（

± s）

组别	鼠数	二胺氧化酶(mU/mL)	肠脂肪酸结合蛋白(ng/L)
假手术组	6	1256.44±45.08	74.32±8.17
重症急性胰腺炎模型组	6	2893.31±67.44^a	352.66±46.50^a
低剂量乌司他丁组	6	2382.37±61.36^ab	296.41±40.23^ab
中剂量乌司他丁组	6	1804.72±56.33^abc	240.87±36.90^abc
高剂量乌司他丁组	6	1536.90±50.25^abcd	148.43±30.27^abcd
高剂量乌司他丁+BE组	6	1942.74±60.33^abcde	246.87±35.44^abce

表3 各组大鼠肠黏膜屏障损伤情况（

± s）

组别	鼠数	二胺氧化酶(mU/mL)	肠脂肪酸结合蛋白(ng/L)
假手术组	6	1256.44±45.08	74.32±8.17
重症急性胰腺炎模型组	6	2893.31±67.44^a	352.66±46.50^a
低剂量乌司他丁组	6	2382.37±61.36^ab	296.41±40.23^ab
中剂量乌司他丁组	6	1804.72±56.33^abc	240.87±36.90^abc
高剂量乌司他丁组	6	1536.90±50.25^abcd	148.43±30.27^abcd
高剂量乌司他丁+BE组	6	1942.74±60.33^abcde	246.87±35.44^abce

图4 各组大鼠肠黏膜组织免疫组化染色注：JAK2酪氨酸激酶2；STAT3信号转导和转录激活因子3；cleaved-caspase-1裂解半胱氨酸天冬氨酸特异性蛋白酶1；SAP重症急性胰腺炎

图5 各组大鼠肠黏膜组织JAK2、STAT3、cleaved-caspase-1、Gasdermin D-N蛋白表达注：JAK2酪氨酸激酶2；STAT3信号转导和转录激活因子3；cleaved-caspase-1裂解半胱氨酸天冬氨酸特异性蛋白酶1；SAP重症急性胰腺炎

表4 各组大鼠肠黏膜组织JAK2、STAT3、cleaved-caspase-1、Gasdermin D-N蛋白表达（

± s）

组别	鼠数	JAK2	STAT3	cleaved-caspase-1	Gasdermin D-N
假手术组	6	0.38±0.02	0.37±0.04	0.41±0.03	0.33±0.05
SAP模型组	6	1.07±0.04^a	0.85±0.05^a	0.88±0.04^a	0.87±0.03^a
低剂量乌司他丁组	6	0.79±0.04^ab	0.65±0.06^ab	0.71±0.02^ab	0.63±0.05^ab
中剂量乌司他丁组	6	0.67±0.05^abc	0.55±0.03^abc	0.60±0.05^abc	0.55±0.02^abc
高剂量乌司他丁组	6	0.41±0.02^abcd	0.42±0.02^abcd	0.54±0.03^abcd	0.49±0.03^abcd
高剂量乌司他丁+BE组	6	0.68±0.05^abce	0.57±0.05^abce	0.64±0.04^abce	0.60±0.03^abcde

表4 各组大鼠肠黏膜组织JAK2、STAT3、cleaved-caspase-1、Gasdermin D-N蛋白表达（

± s）

组别	鼠数	JAK2	STAT3	cleaved-caspase-1	Gasdermin D-N
假手术组	6	0.38±0.02	0.37±0.04	0.41±0.03	0.33±0.05
SAP模型组	6	1.07±0.04^a	0.85±0.05^a	0.88±0.04^a	0.87±0.03^a
低剂量乌司他丁组	6	0.79±0.04^ab	0.65±0.06^ab	0.71±0.02^ab	0.63±0.05^ab
中剂量乌司他丁组	6	0.67±0.05^abc	0.55±0.03^abc	0.60±0.05^abc	0.55±0.02^abc
高剂量乌司他丁组	6	0.41±0.02^abcd	0.42±0.02^abcd	0.54±0.03^abcd	0.49±0.03^abcd
高剂量乌司他丁+BE组	6	0.68±0.05^abce	0.57±0.05^abce	0.64±0.04^abce	0.60±0.03^abcde

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Ulinastatin alleviates intestinal mucosal barrier injury in rats with severe acute pancreatitis by inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 mediated pyroptosis

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Ulinastatin alleviates intestinal mucosal barrier injury in rats with severe acute pancreatitis by inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 mediated pyroptosis