Innumerable quantitative features is extracted from medical images and resulted in the conversion of images into mineable data with high-throughput computing, the process is termed radiomics.It has tremendous potential to analyze these data from biomedical images contain information that reflects underlying cells, physiology, genetic variation for tumor diagnosis, stage, individualized treatment and prognosis.This article overviews the concept of radiomics, and its application research and challenge in tumors of digestive system.

To evaluate the efficacy of tenofovir(TDF)and entecavir(ETV)for the patients with chronic hepatitis B.

A total of 100 patients with chronic hepatitis B were included in the trial from June 2010 to June 2015 in Jinan Military General Hospital.All patients were divided into observation group(TDF)and control group(ETV)using random number table method, 50 patients in each group.The rates of hepatitis B virus(HBV)DNA suppression, hepatitis B virus e antigen(HBeAg)seroconversion, alanine transaminase(ALT)normalization, resistance and drug safety of the two groups were compared at 12, 24 months.

At 12, 24 months, the various indexes of the two groups improved obviously.Compared with the ETV, TDF has the similarity in efficacy in the HBV DNA suppression(32/50 vs.28/50, 46/50 vs.42/50), HBeAg seroconversion(4/28 vs.6/30, 8/28 vs.12/30), ALT normalization(42/50 vs.40/50, 49/50 vs.46/50)and drug resistance rate.But the oral TDF was more safety with the longer administration in renal function compared with ETV.

TDF is very effective in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B which compared with ETV, but probably has more safety in the long-term administration, so we recommend the TDF as the primary drug in the long-term treatment of chronic hepatitis B.

Dandelion has the effect of clearing and detoxifying, reducing swelling, removing jaundice etc.Modern pharmacological researches confirm that dandelion contains polysaccharide, flavonoids, sterols, pigments, triterpenes and volatile oil etc, and these ingredients have multiple biological utility, such as anti-inflammatory, improving immunity, protecting liver, promoting gastrointestinal peristalsis, regulating intestinal flora and have the wide roles to digestive system diseases.

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a chronic and non-specific inflammatory disease with unknown etiology, which comprises Crohn disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC). The clinical manifestations of IBD are variable.It predominantly affects the intestinal system, but it is associated with a large number of extraintestinal manifestations(EIMs), and this may lead to misdiagnosis or mistreatment.Timely diagnosis and reasonable treatment can improve the patient′s condition and the quality of life.In this paper, the diagnostic and treatment strategies about EIMs of IBD are discussed.

Liver fibrosis is an inevitable process of chronic liver diseases with different causes which may develop to liver cirrhosis.Its clinical manifestations are atypical and can induce liver cancer, which seriously threatens the health of patients.Therefore it is of great significance for patients to assess liver fibrosis accurately and timely.Owing to its advantage of noninvasive, convenient operation and good repeatability, serological indexes have been a research focus in the noninvasive diagnosis of liver fibrosis.This paper briefly introduces the application of conventional serological indexes and reviews the clinical application value, advantages and disadvantages of the index transformation growth factorβ1, Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive human Mac-2-binding protein and YKL-40.In this paper, we advice the possibility that serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related protein 1 measurement can be used as a laboratory diagnostic index of progressive liver fibrosis and liver cirrhosis, according to our longtime researches.

The clinical features, pathological tissue with endoscopic findings have many similarities between Crohn disease and intestinal tuberculosis, but the treatments of the two diseases are completely different.They are easy to be misdiagnosed in clinic, once the misdiagnosis will bring about serious consequences.Therefore, accurate and timely identification will be of great benefit to clinical work and patients.In this paper, we reviews the differential diagnosis of Crohn disease and intestinal tuberculosis, in order to provide some hints for clinical workers.

Stem cell transplantation, selective granulocyte and monocyte apheresis, human fecal microbiota transplantation and other non conventional drugs for treatment of some refractory inflammatory bowel disease achieves a certain effect, and has certain application prospects.But which patients are suitable for use, how to use, security and other issues have not been completely resolved.This review introduces the practice and prospect of the methods.

To explore the effect of prophylactic use of antibiotics in the treatment of liver cirrhosis complicated with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

A total of 86 patients with liver cirrhosis complicated with upper gastrointestinal bleeding from February 2015 to January 2016 at our hospital were selected.All patients were randomly divided into observation group(45 cases)and control group(41 cases). The patients in control group were not given antibiotic treatment, and the patients in observation group were given prophylactic antibiotic treatment on the basis of conventional treatment.The average hospitalization time, hemostasis time and infection rate of the two groups were observed and monitored.

The hospitalized time of observation group was(12.9+ 5.3)d, significantly shorter than that of control group(15.1+ 4.3)d, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The hemostasis time of observation group was(21.2+ 10.3)d, significantly shorter than that of control group(26.4+ 16.9)d, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The hospital infection rate of observation group was 13.2%(2/45), significantly lower than that of control group(21.8%, 9/41), and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).

The preventive use of antibiotics in patients with cirrhosis complicated with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage can effectively shorten the bleeding time, reduce hospitalization time and hospital infection rate, reduce the economic burden of patients, and the clinical effect is significant, worth clinical promotion.

To investigate the effect of different methods of preparation on the quality of rectal MRI examination, and to evaluate the application value of the two different rectal fillings.

The high resolution MRI examination data of 73 patients with rectal carcinoma from November 2014 to June 2015 in First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were summarized.The rectal contrast agents were water and coupling gel filling in the two groups before examination, respectively.The comfort and satisfaction index of patients and the quality of high-resolution MRI imaging were compared between the two groups.

All the patients finished the examination effectively.The comfort index of patients reached 86.3%(63/73)in total, and the quality of imaging deserved well was as much as 90.41%(66/73)overall.Significant differences were found in the comfort index(77.14% vs.94.14%, χ²=19.98, P<0.001)and quality of MRI imaging(82.86% vs.97.37%, χ²=29.91, P<0.001)of patients with water and coupling gel.

Appropriate use of coupling gel filling in rectum can improve the comfort and satisfaction index of patient and the quality of MRI imaging in high-resolution MRI imaging examination for rectal carcinoma patients.

To discuss the early curative effect of Viatorr covered stent used in transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)treating cirrhotic portal hypertension.

Nine cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension combined with variceal hemorrhage in Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University between October 2015 and October 2016 were included.All of them received TIPS treatment using Viatorr covered stent.They underwent gastroscopy and ultrasound re-examination at 1-3 months after operation and re-examined every half a year.All patients underwent color Doppler ultrasound and enhanced CT examination after operation.The clinical curative effect and complication condition were analyzed retrospectively.

Nine patients were operated successfully in one time and the successful rate of the technique was 100%.Portal pressure before and after TIPS were(31.22±4.92)mmHg and(18.44±3.58)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa, pairing t test, t=10, P<0.001), respectively.The pressure decreased by(40.57±8.86)% after shunt compared with before.All 9 cases were followed up and the follow-up visit length was 1-12 months(averagely 194 days). During the follow-up, 1 patient died at 148 d after operation due to abdominal infection; 1 patient got spontaneous peritonitis and infectious shock at 83 d after operation and got recovery with anti-infection treatment; 1 patient got ulcerative bleeding caused by aspirin at 23 d after operation and the tarry stool disappeared after stopping taking aspirin; for the other 6 cases with repeated varicosed vein bleeding, the gastroscope examination at 1-3 months after operation showed that varicosed veins were relieved or disappeared and they got no symptom including haematemesis, tarry stool till the end of the follow-up visits.All patients got smooth TIPS shunts till the end of follow-up visits(or before death)and they had no symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy.

Viatorr covered stent can maintain the long-term circulation of shunts, reduce the rebreeding rate and lower the postoperative coincidence rate of hepatic encephalopathy, so it is a safe and effective treatment method for intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt of patients with portal hypertension.

分析基于微信的延续护理在腹腔置管腹水患者中应用效果。通过微信进行延续护理，提高患者自我护理能力和生活质量，为医院开展基于微信的延续护理服务提供参考。

采用随机抽样和分组的方法，选取2016年1月至2017年1月济南军区总医院消化内科胃癌腹水首次置管的患者80例，分成干预组40例，对照组40例。对照组出院后采用常规护理方法，干预组在出院常规护理方法的基础上通过自建微信平台实施延续护理。对收集的数据进行统计分析。

通过微信平台实施延续护理以后，与对照组比较，干预组导管自我管理能力评分分别为(73.45±4.21)和(83.95±5.18)；心理弹性评分分别为(52.18±4.65)和(68.17±4.54)；生活质量评分分别为(62.15±5.68)和(74.19±6.23)；并发症发生率分别为(22.5%)和(5.0%)；2组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

基于微信的延续护理可提高腹水置管患者的置管自我管理能力和心理弹性，改善患者生活质量，降低并发症。

The fast track surgery(FTS)has widely been used in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer, but it has been used in hepatic surgery recently due to the complexity and severe risks of the operation.With the development and continuously improvement of related subjects and technique, the idea on the FTS with multidisciplinary cooperation has attracted more and more attention from the experts in hepatic surgery.The team of multidisciplinary cooperation includes the surgeon, radiologist, anesthesiologist, ambulance paramedic, nutritionist, psychologist and so on.As long as the multidisciplinary cooperation maintains a good development, it may help the FTS get a better performance in relevant areas.

Primary breast lymphoma(PBL)is a malignant tumor that initially presents in the extra lymphonode of mammary gland.The most common histologic subtype of PBL is the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, but there are other subtypes that are not common.The main imaging methods of PBL are ultrasound, X-ray mammography, CT, MRI, PET/CT and so on, and the majority of PBL are diagnosed by pathological biopsy.A comprehensive understanding of the pathological features of PBL, clinical staging characteristics and imaging features contributes to the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of PBL.

To study clinical efficiency on the treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice by combining biliary stent implanted with brachytherapy and conformal radiotherapy in mid-long term.

The clinical data of 30 patients with malignant obstructive jaundice in Xuzhou Central Hospital from 2003 to 2006 were analyzed.Fifty patients(synthetic group)were treated by biliary stent implanted, brachytherapy and conformal radiotherapy, and 15 patients(control group)were only treated by biliary stent implanted.The survival rates of the two groups were followed up.

The survival rates in 3, 4 and 5 years in synthetic group were 26.67%(4/15), 13.33%(2/15), 0.06%(1/15)respectively, higher than those in contral group 0(0/15), 0(0/15)and 0(0/15).

Combining biliary stent implanted with brachytherapy and conformal radiotherapy is a safe and effective way in mid-long term.

To evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of entecavir and tenofovir in treatment of chronic hepatitis B.

The researches on entecavir and tenofovir in treatment of chronic hepatitis B were searched in PubMed/Medicine, EMBase, Cochrane Library databases until November 2017.Two authors independently extracted and summarized the data.Stata 12.0 software was used to analyze the data.

A total of 13 studies were included in this Meta-analysis.In the aspect of therapeutic effectiveness of tenofovir and entecavir for HBV-DNA, the research objects were divided into two subgroups according to the use time of oral antiviral drug, and the relative risk(RR)and confidence interval(CI)of 24 weeks and 48 weeks subgroup were as follows: RR=1.00, 95% CI(0.90-1.11), I²=30%, P=0.152; RR=1.08, 95% CI(1.00-1.16), I²=53%, P=0.016.

Tenofovir has a similar efficacy in HBV-DNA negative conversion ratio compared with entecavir in follow-up time 24 and 48 weeks.

To explore the value and difference of narrow band imaging-magnifying endoscopy(NBI-ME)and endoscopic biopsy in the diagnosis of early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions.

Fifty patients with suspicious early gastric lesions or precancerous lesions as revealed by white light endoscopy(WLE)were enrolled in the study from March 2016 to June 2016 in Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University.All lesions were observed through NBI-ME, and the types of crypt-opening were recorded to give a diagnosis.Biopsy specimens were then taken from suspicious lesions for pathological examination.All patients received endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)or surgical intervention.The types of crypt-opening were analyzed in combination with postoperative pathological diagnosis.The diagnosis of NBI-ME and endoscopic biopsy and postoperative pathological diagnosis were compared and analyzed.

There was significant difference in the type of crypt-opening and the postoperative pathological diagnosis(χ²=42.13, P<0.05). The sensitivity of NBI-ME for diagnosing low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)was significantly lower than that of endoscopic biopsy(P=0.02), but there was no statistical difference in diagnostic specificity and accuracy between the two modalities(P>0.05). The differences of sensitivity, specificity and accuracy between NBI-ME and endoscopic biopsy in the diagnosis of early gastric cancer were not statistically significant(P>0.05). The Kappa values of the consistency checks were 0.54(NBI-ME and postoperative pathological diagnosis)and 0.64(endoscopic biopsy and postoperative pathological diagnosis), with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).

NBI-ME has a high clinical value in the diagnosis of early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions, but there are still differences compared with the results of pathological biopsy.NBI-ME can provide a great help to accurate endoscopic biopsy.

To investigate the effects for the survival in the patients withprimary hepatic carcinoma(PHC)treated with percutaneous microwave ablation(PMWA).

From December 2008 to October 2012, 62 cases of PHC were treated by percutaneous microwave ablation.Complete ablation rate, AFP, local recurrence rate, 3-year overall survival rateand complication were analyzed.

A total of 95microwave ablation treatments were performed.Of the 62 patients, the complete ablation rate was 99.4%.The AFP reduce obviously compared to pre-treatment(P=0.02). The 3-year overall survival rate was 79%(49/62), local recurrence rate was 6.1%(11/180)and serious complications after operations rate was 3.2%(2/62)respectively.

Percutaneous microwave ablation is aefficient and safe therapy for PHC.

The soft tissue and bone infection is very common in diabetic people, but the clinical treatment has larger difference in diabetic foot with different types of infections.As the constant improvement of the utilization rate of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), it has been used for foot lesions, particularly as the most main imaging method in diabetic foot.So for radiologist, it is important to learn various types of imaging of diabetic foot infections, including the imaging of neuropathic arthropathy with pseudo conditions infection, etc.

To investigate the clinical characteristics and high resolution CT(HRCT)findings of children with obliterative bronchiolitis(OB)caused by infection.

A total of 32 children diagnosed with OB were enrolled in this retrospective study from January 2014 to January 2016 in General Hospital of Jinan Military Region.The clinical manifestations, HRCT findings, pulmonary function test results and pathogen examination were observed and analyzed.

All patients had wheezing symptoms and 29 patients had cough symptoms.Twenty patients presented persistent or repeated wet rales, and 13 patients exhibited shortness of breath after the activities.HRCT results showed that uneven pulmonary irritation and mosaic perfusion sign were observed in 29 cases, glass opacity in 25 cases, bronchial wall thickening and bronchiectasis in 17 cases and mesh shadow in 3 cases.Pulmonary function test showed that 27 cases had small airway ventilation dysfunction, 2 cases had mixed ventilation dysfunction and 3 cases with diastolic test showed negative results.Pathological examination was positive in 28 cases(87.5%), which mainly were adenovirus infection and mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, and the rest 4 cases(12.5%)were reported negative.

The clinical manifestations of OB in children were quite different.It is very important to make a diagnosis with clinical manifestations combined with HRCT findings.