The development of cryogen-free magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems marks a critical innovation in superconducting magnet technology, addressing the persistent limitations imposed by cryogenic dependency in conventional MRI systems. This review synthesizes the technological advancements in reducing the demand for liquid helium in MRI systems, including conduction cooling technology, installation and application of cryogen-free MRI systems, and more. The cryogen-free MRI systems can not only reduce the operating and maintenance costs of the equipment, but also improve the safety and stability of the system. In the future, with further technological maturity, cryogen-free MRI systems will yield greater economic and social benefits.

To explore the predictive value of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) combined with spectral CT for microvascular invasion (MVI) of hepatocellular carcinoma.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 90 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma admitted to Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University from January 2022 to December 2024. All patients underwent DCE-MRI combined with spectral CT scan examination. According to the MVI situation in pathological examination, the patients were divided into two groups: the MVI group (n=41) and the non-MVI group (n=49). Two groups of data were collected, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed, and the AUC was calculated to evaluate the predictive efficacy of DCE-MRI and spectral CT alone and in combination for MVI.

The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and the percentage of extracellular space outside blood vessel (V_e) in the MVI group were lower than those in the non-MVI group, while the rate constant (K_ep), the volume transfer constant (K^trans), the standardized iodine concentration (NIC) in the arterial phase, the slope of the energy spectrum curve (λHU) in the arterial phase, and λHU in the portal vein phase were higher than those in the non-MVI group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that ADC (OR=0.099, 95% CI: 0.028-0.348) and V_e (OR=0.145, 95% CI: 0.045-0.469) were independent protective factors for MVI in hepatocellular carcinoma. While K_ep (OR=6.524, 95% CI: 2.341-18.181), K^trans (OR=8.197, 95% CI: 2.594-25.900), and arterial phase NIC (OR=24.915, 95% CI: (5.386-115.274), λHU in the arterial phase (OR=4.678, 95% CI: 1.915-11.429), and λHU in the portal vein phase (OR=2.440, 95% CI: 1.157-5.145) were independent risk factors for MVI in hepatocellular carcinoma (P<0.05). Among them, the OR value of NIC in the arterial phase was the highest, suggesting that it had the greatest predictive value for MVI. ROC curve analysis showed that among each single parameter, the one with the highest predictive efficacy for MVI was arterial phase NIC (AUC=0.873, 95% CI: 0.809-0.937), followed by K^trans (AUC=0.834, 95% CI: (0.761-0.907) and ADC value (AUC=0.812, 95% CI: 0.732-0.892). After constructing a joint prediction model with the above-mentioned independent predictive factors of statistical significance, its predictive efficacy was significantly improved (AUC=0.902, 95% CI: 0.886-0.978), with a sensitivity of 90.24% and a specificity of 87.76%.

DCE-MRI combined with spectral CT is helpful for preoperative prediction of MVI in hepatocellular carcinoma, its diagnostic efficacy is superior to any single mode, providing key information support for the selection of clinical surgical strategies and prognosis evaluation.

To establish a patient-derived xenograft model of colorectal cancer (CRC-PDX) and evaluate the safety and anti-tumor efficacy of an ultrasound (US)-mediated triptolide (TPL)-loaded exosome delivery system in vivo.

Tumor tissues were retrospectively collected from 100 CRC patients who underwent surgical treatment in Chenzhou First People's Hospital from March 2024 to March 2025 for the establishment of CRC-PDX models. Among these, the CRC-PDX model derived from one patient with advanced malignant CRC was passaged to the F3 generation. TPL was loaded into exosomes (sEVs) isolated from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (huc-MSCs) via electroporation to prepare TPL@sEVs, which were characterized by Western Blot and high-performance liquid chromatography. F3-generation model nude mice were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=6): control (PBS), sEVs, US+sEVs, TPL@sEVs, US+TPL@sEVs, and 5-Fu groups. The safety and anti-tumor effects of the delivery system were evaluated after administration via tail vein injection.

A total of 100 CRC patients were included in this study. The tumor formation rate of the P0-generation CRC-PDX models was 62% (57/92). Primary tumor location, TNM stage, and preoperative carcino-embryonic antigen level were identified as influencing factors for tumor formation (P<0.05). The F3-generation CRC-PDX tumor tissues were highly consistent with the primary tumor in terms of cell structure and protein expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)/Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)/Ki-67. Characterization results confirmed that the successful preparation of TPL@sEVs with a drug loading capacity of (12.77± 1.65)%. Safety assessment of the delivery system showed that only nude mice in the 5-Fu group exhibited mild diarrhea and transient anorexia, with significantly lower liver and spleen coefficients than those in the control group (P<0.05). The TPL@sEVs group showed significant abnormalities in liver and kidney function indicators (such as ALT, AST, and CRE) compared with the control group (P<0.05), while these indicators in the US+TPL@sEVs group were significantly improved compared with the TPL@sEVs group (P<0.05). Anti-tumor efficacy assessment revealed that compared with the control group, all treatment groups showed significantly reduced tumor volume and weight (P<0.05), with the US+TPL@sEVs group exhibiting the best inhibitory effect. Immunohistochemical results indicated that compared with the control group, all treatment groups showed a certain degree of downregulation in the protein expressions of HIF-1α/NF-κB/Ki-67. Specifically, the US+TPL@sEVs group had a significantly stronger inhibitory effect on the protein expressions of HIF-1α/NF-κB than the 5-Fu group (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the inhibitory effect on Ki-67 protein expression between the US+TPL@sEVs group and the 5-Fu group (P>0.05).

The US-mediated TPL-loaded exosome targeted delivery system can significantly reduce the toxic and side effects of TPL and enhance the anti-tumor activity against the CRC-PDX model, making it a promising targeted therapeutic strategy for colorectal cancer.

To investigate the application value of ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE) in the diagnosis of rectal cancer and evaluation of lymph node metastasis.

A total of 96 patients with rectal tumors admitted to Xuzhou First People's Hospital from October 2021 to October 2024 were selected as the research subjects. The value of SWE in the diagnosis of rectal cancer and evaluation of lymph node metastasis was analyzed.

Pathological results showed that among 96 patients with rectal tumors enrolled in this study, there were 75 patients with rectal cancer and 21 patients without. The mean Young's modulus and elastic variance of patients with rectal cancer were higher than those of patients without (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in elasticity contrast between patients with rectal cancer and those without (P>0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that for diagnosing rectal cancer, the AUC, specificity and sensitivity of mean Young's modulus were 0.850, 73.33% and 90.48%. The AUC, specificity and sensitivity of elastic variance were 0.846, 62.67% and 95.24%. The AUC, specificity and sensitivity of combination of mean Young's modulus and elastic variance were 0.946, 95.67% and 90.48%. Among 75 patients with rectal cancer, 31 patients were confirmed to have lymph node metastasis after radical surgery. The mean Young's modulus and elastic variance of patients with lymph node metastasis were higher than those of patients without (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in elasticity contrast between patients with lymph node metastasis and those without (P>0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that for evaluating lymph node metastasis, the AUC, specificity and sensitivity of mean Young's modulus were 0.828, 67.14% and 88.64%. The AUC, specificity and sensitivity of elastic variance were 0.848, 74.19% and 81.28%. The AUC, specificity and sensitivity of combination of mean Young's modulus and elastic variance were 0.927, 96.77% and 88.64%.

The SWE parameters (mean Young's modulus and elastic variance) are of high value in the diagnosis of rectal cancer and evaluation of lymph node metastasis.

To compare the efficacy and safety of infliximab (IFX) biosimilar versus originator in Chinese adults with moderate-to-severe active ulcerative colitis (UC).

This retrospective cohort study enrolled 121 adults with moderate-to-severe active UC treated with IFX biosimilar or originator at the Gastroenterology Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (covering 17 provinces in China) between December 2017 and December 2023. Efficacy and safety were evaluated during the 8-week induction phase. The primary endpoint was clinical response rate at week 8. Secondary endpoints included clinical remission rate at week 8, endoscopic mucosal healing rate, C-reactive protein, stool frequency, and adverse events.

Among 121 patients, 61 received originator and 60 received biosimilar. In the biosimilar group, the clinical response rate, clinical remission rate, and mucosal healing rate of the patients at the 8th week were 73.3%, 55.0%, and 53.3%, respectively. In the original drug group, the clinical response rate, clinical remission rate, and endoscopic mucosal healing rate of the patients at the 8th week were 70.5%, 56.7%, and 57.4% respectively. There were no statistically significant differences (all P>0.05). Both groups showed significant reductions in CRP and stool frequency from baseline (P<0.05), with comparable post-treatment values between the two groups (P>0.05). Three patients (2.5%) experienced adverse events: two in the originator group (mild pruritus on both upper limbs, alopecia) and one in the biosimilar group (mild chest tightness).

Infliximab biosimilar demonstrates comparable efficacy and safety to the originator in inducing clinical remission in Chinese adults with moderate-to-severe UC.

To explore the clinical efficacy of the combination therapy of phenethylamine and rabeprazole in the treatment of ulcerative upper gastrointestinal bleeding and its impact on patients' oxidative stress response.

A total of 112 patients with ulcerative upper gastrointestinal bleeding admitted to our hospital from July 2022 to March 2025 were selected as the study subjects. According to the random number table method, they were divided into a control group of 56 patients treated with rabeprazole and an observation group of 56 patients treated with a combination of phenethylamine and rabeprazole, and the treatment course were all 5 days. The clinical efficacy, platelet function, coagulation function, oxidative stress response, and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.

The clinical total effective rate of the observation group (94.64%) was higher than that of the control group (73.21%, P<0.05). Compared with before treatment, both groups showed an increase in mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet count (PLT), and maximal platelet aggregation rate (MAR) after 5 days of treatment (P<0.05); Compared with the control group, the observation group showed more significant increases in MPV, PLT, and MAR after 5 days of treatment (P<0.05). Compared with before treatment, after 5 days of treatment, both groups showed a decrease in prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and an increase in fibrinogen (FIB) levels (P<0.05); Compared with the control group after 5 days of treatment, the observation group showed more significant shortening of APTT and PT, and more significant increase in FIB (P<0.05). Compared with before treatment, the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased in both groups after 5 days of treatment, while the levels of cortisol decreased (P<0.05); Compared with the control group after 5 days of treatment, the observation group showed a more significant increase in SOD levels and a more significant decrease in cortisol levels after 5 days of treatment (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups of patients (χ²=0.327, P=0.568).

The combination of phenethylamine and rabeprazole can effectively improve platelet function and coagulation function in patients with ulcerative upper gastrointestinal bleeding, reduce oxidative stress levels in the body, improve clinical efficacy, and has high safety.

To investigate effects of Yiqi Shengxue Decoction combined with tetralogy of viable bifidobacterium tablet on intestinal floras, gastrointestinal hormones, serum nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in patients with chronic gastric ulcer.

A total of 112 patients with chronic gastric ulcer admitted to Xi'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital were enrolled as the research objects between April 2022 and April 2024. They were randomly divided into observation group (n=56) and control group (n=56). The control group was treated with routine Western medicine+ tetralogy of viable bifidobacterium tablets, while observation group was additionally treated with Yiqi Shengxue Decoction. Both groups were treated for 8 weeks. The total response rates after treatment, changes in diameter, area and coverage rate of ulcer, intestinal floras, gastrointestinal hormones (gastrin, motilin, cholecystokinin), serum NF-κB, IL-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the two groups were compared.

The response rate of treatment was higher in observation group than control group (92.86% vs. 78.57%, P<0.05). The diameter, area and coverage rate of ulcer were lower in observation group than control group (P<0.05). The counts of Enterococcus and Escherichia coli were lower in observation group than control group, while counts of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus were higher in observation group (P<0.05). Motilin level was higher in observation group than control group, while gastrin and cholecystokinin levels were lower in observation group (P<0.05). VEGF level was higher in observation group than control group, while NF-κB and IL-6 levels were lower in observation group (P<0.05).

Yiqi Shengxue Decoction combined with tetralogy of viable bifidobacterium tablets can significantly alleviate ulcers severity and inflammatory response in patients with chronic gastric ulcer, improve levels of gastrin and other gastrointestinal hormones, promote the recovery of gastrointestinal biological barrier and improve clinical curative effect.

To explore the changes of D-dimer (D-D), intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP) and the characteristics of CT angiography (CTA) in patients with ischemic bowel disease (ICBD).

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 204 patients with suspected ICBD admitted to Nanjing Gaochun People's Hospital from March 2022 to March 2024. According to the pathological results, patients diagnosed with ICBD were included in the ICBD group, and those diagnosed with non-ICBD were included in the non-ICBD group. The CTA characteristics, D-D and I-FABP levels of all subjects were collected, the differences in the above indicators between the two groups were compared. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the efficacy of CTA characteristics, D-D and I-FABP in diagnosing ICBD and the area under the curve (AUC).

Among the 204 suspected ICBD patients included in this study, 104 cases were pathologically diagnosed, and the CTA examination signs showed that 60 cases (57.69%) involved the small intestine, 34 cases (32.69%) involved the colon, and 10 cases (9.62%) involved both the large and small intestines. Among them, there were 88 cases (84.62%) of intestinal wall thickening, 16 cases (15.38%) of intestinal wall gas accumulation, 52 cases (50.00%) of intestinal dilation, 78 cases (75.00%) of weakened intestinal wall enhancement, 30 cases (28.85%) of peritoneal effusion, 6 cases (5.77%) of mesenteric edema, and 8 cases (7.69%) of intestinal obstruction. The difference in the positive rate of imaging features between the two groups by Fisher's exact probability method was statistically significant (P<0.05). The levels of D-D and I-FABP in the ICBD group were higher than those in the non-ICBD group (P<0.05). The ROC curve showed that the AUC for I-FABP, D-D, and CTA imaging scores were 0.808, 0.783 and 0.776. The diagnostic efficacy of I-FABP for ICBD was significantly better than that of D-D and the image score, the diagnostic efficacy of D-D for ICBD was slightly higher than that of the image score, and the AUC of the three combined was 0.905. The Delon test showed that the AUC of the combined model was significantly higher than that of I-FABP (Z=3.87, P<0.001), D-D (Z=4.52, P<0.001), and CTA image score (Z=4.91, P<0.001), while there was no statistically significant difference among the single indicators (all P>0.0083).

The combined model of D-D, I-FABP changes and CTA characteristics in patients with ICBD improves the accuracy of early diagnosis and provides new basis for condition assessment and treatment plan formulation of ICBD.

To explore the risk factors of rebleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis complicated with esophageal and gastric varices rupture and bleeding (EVB) treated by endoscopy, and to establish a corresponding predictive model.

A total of 109 patients with liver cirrhosis complicated with EVB who visited the First People's Hospital of Changzhou from August 2022 to August 2024 were retrospectively included. The rebleeding situation was followed up for one year after endoscopic treatment. They were divided into the rebleeding group (17 cases) and the non-rebleeding group (92 cases) according to whether there was rebleeding after treatment. Univariate analysis was used to analyze the relationship between various clinical indicators and rebleeding after endoscopic treatment. A predictive model was established, the model's fit degree was evaluated, and its clinical value was analyzed.

The hemostasis success rate of 109 patients within 72 hours after endoscopic treatment was 100%. During the 1-year follow-up, 17 cases (15.59%) experienced rebleeding. Gender, age, etiology of liver cirrhosis, degree of esophageal varices, gastric fundus varices, infection, white blood cell count, platelet count, urea nitrogen, creatinine, serum protein, prothrombin time, fibrinogen, portal vein diameter, splenic vein diameter and spleen thickness were all not related to the risk of rebleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis complicated with EVB after endoscopic treatment (P>0.05). The treatment methods, portal vein emboli, total bilirubin, hemoglobin, ascites and Child-Pugh classification were related to the risk of rebleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis complicated with EVB treated by endoscopy (P<0.05). The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that portal vein emboli, hemoglobin, combined ascites and Child-Pugh classification were independent risk factors for rebleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis complicated with EVB treated by endoscopy (P<0.05). Based on the above four indicators, a nomogram model was established. The C-index was 0.877, and the calibration curve fitted well. The area under the ROC curve of the model was 0.877 (95% CI: 0.798-0.928, P<0.001).

The nomogram constructed based on portal vein emboli, hemoglobin, combined ascites and Child-Pugh classification can effectively predict the risk of rebleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis complicated with EVB treated by endoscopy, and has good clinical application value.

To explore the effects of bariatric metabolic surgery (BMS) on gastrointestinal peptides and blood glucose control in obese patients with type 2 diabetes.

A prospective selection was made of 124 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with obesity who underwent BMS in the First, the Second and the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from March 2022 to July 2024 as the research subjects. Among them, 64 cases underwent sleeve gastrectomy (SG group), and 60 cases underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB group). The surgical-related indicators, blood glucose control before and one year after the operation, gastrointestinal peptide levels, body fat components and nutritional indicators, psychological state and quality of life, as well as the occurrence of complications were compared between the two groups.

There were no statistically significant differences in baseline data such as age and gender between the two groups (P>0.05). The operation time and cost in the RYGB group were higher than those in the SG group (P<0.001), while there were no statistically significant differences in intraoperative blood loss, the time of first postoperative exhaust and postoperative hospital stay (P>0.05). One year after the operation, the blood glucose control, gastrointestinal peptide levels, body fat composition and nutritional indicators, psychological state and quality of life in both groups were significantly improved, and the improvement in the RYGB group was greater (P<0.05). Moreover, after adjusting for baseline body mass index, age and duration of diabetes, the amplitude of changes in gastrointestinal peptides was significantly correlated with the improvement of blood glucose (P<0.05). In addition, there was no statistically significant difference in the total incidence of complications between the two groups (P>0.05). The insulin discontinuation rate and hypoglycemic drug remission rate in the RYGB group were significantly higher than those in the SG group (P<0.05). The weight rebound rates of both groups one year after the operation were at a relatively low level, and there was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05).

BMS can effectively improve blood glucose control, gastrointestinal peptide levels and body fat metabolism in obese patients with type 2 diabetes. Among them, RYGB surgery shows advantages in promoting the remission of hypoglycemic drugs and improving the quality of life, without increasing the overall risk of complications and weight rebound.

To compare the effects of ultrasound-guided percutaneous transhepatic one-stage biliary fistulization (PTOBF) and percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy (PTCS) on stone clearance and recurrence rate in patients with complex hepatobiliary duct stones.

A total of 104 patients with complex hepatobiliary duct stones admitted to Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Anhui University of Science and Technology from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected. Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed and divided into different surgical groups. The control group received 50 cases of PTCS surgery, while the study group received 54 cases of ultrasound-guided PTOBF surgery. The perioperative indicators, stone clearance effect, immune function, stress response, liver function, complications, and recurrence rate were compared between the two groups.

The study group had shorter postoperative exhaust time and defecation time compared to the control group (P<0.05); The study group had less intraoperative bleeding and stone removal frequency compared to the control group (P<0.05); The stone removal rate in the study group was higher than that in the control group (85.19% vs. 68.00%) (χ²=4.319, P=0.037). The levels of cortisol (Cor), adrenaline (E), and norepinephrine (NE) in both groups increased on postoperative day 1 and 3 compared to preoperative levels in the same group, and the levels of Cor, E, and NE were lower on postoperative day 3 compared to postoperative day 1 in the same group (P<0.05); One month after surgery, the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in both groups decreased compared to preoperative levels in the same group, with the study group showing a more significant decrease (P<0.05); On the first day after surgery, the levels of CD3⁺, CD4⁺, and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ in the study group were higher than those in the control group, while the level of CD8⁺ was lower (P<0.05); There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (22.00% vs. 16.67%) (χ²=0.475, P=0.490); The recurrence rate in the study group was lower than that in the control group (7.41% vs. 24.00%) (χ²=5.490, P=0.019).

Compared with PTCS, ultrasound- guided PTOBF surgery can effectively improve the stone removal rate in patients with complex hepatobiliary duct stones, reduce the recurrence rate, have little impact on immune function, improve liver function, shorten the postoperative recovery time of patients, and will not increase the risk of complications.

To explore the predictive value of combined detection of serum regenerated islet derived protein 3α (Reg3α), procalcitonin (PCT), and clinical factors for postoperative pancreatitis (PEP) in patients with common bile duct stones after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).

A total of 200 patients with common bile duct stones who received ERCP treatment in Sichuan Second Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2022 to January 2025 were selected retrospectively as the research subjects. They were divided into the PEP group (32 cases) and the non-PEP group (168 cases) according to whether PEP occurred after the operation. The clinical data and the levels of serum Reg3α and PCT between the two groups were compared. Spearman was used to analyze the correlation between serum Reg3α and PCT levels and PEP. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to screen for independent risk factors of PEP. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the individual and combined predictive value of each index.

There were statistically significant differences in the history of previous pancreatitis, serum amylase level (AMY), serum lipase (LPS), size of common bile duct stones and operation time between the PEP group and the non-PEP group (P<0.05). The levels of serum Reg3α and PCT in the PEP group were both higher than those in the non-PEP group (P<0.001). Spearman showed that both serum Reg3α and PCT levels were positively correlated with the occurrence of PEP (r=0.426, P<0.001; r=0.361, P<0.001). Binary Logistic regression showed that AMY, the size of common bile duct stones, serum Reg3α, serum PCT and previous history of pancreatitis were independent risk factors for PEP after ERCP in patients with common bile duct stones (P<0.05). ROC showed that the AUC of serum Reg3α, PCT and other single indicators for predicting PEP was 0.604-0.872, while the AUC of the combined prediction model was significantly increased to 0.987 (with a sensitivity of 0.938 and a specificity of 0.946). Moreover, the DeLong test showed that the combined predictive efficacy was significantly superior to any single indicator (P<0.05).

The combined detection of preoperative serum Reg3α, PCT and clinical factors has a high clinical predictive value for PEP in patients with common bile duct stones after ERCP, and its combined predictive efficiency is significantly better than that of single index detection, which is helpful for early identification of patients with high risk of PEP.

To explore the effects of ultrasound-guided percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (UG-PTGBD) on liver function, gastrointestinal function recovery, and serum cortisol (Cor), α1-acid glycoprotein (AAG), and procalcitonin (PCT) in patients with acute cholecystitis (AC).

A retrospective study was conducted on 80 patients with AC from Xuzhou First People's Hospital from January 2022 to August 2024. They were divided into a control group and an observation group using a random number table method, with 40 patients in each group. The control group received laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), while the observation group received UG-PTGBD and LC treatment. Serum indicators, gastrointestinal function recovery, and incidence of complications of the two groups were compared, and logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors affecting surgical prognosis.

The recovery time of postoperative exhaust, eating, and bowel sounds in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group (P<0.05). Three days after the operation, the levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, AAG, PCT, and Cor in the observation group were all lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The logistic regression model analysis results showed that age, disease grading, treatment plan, and AAG level were risk factors for poor prognosis after AC surgery (P<0.05).

UG-PTGBD surgery can more effectively promote liver function recovery in patients with AC, accelerate gastrointestinal function recovery, reduce serum Cor, AAG, PCT levels, and accelerate postoperative recovery process.

To compare the analgesic effect of different concentration of ropivacaine under ultrasound guided transversus abdominal plane block (TAPB) in patients after colorectal cancer surgery.

A total of 165 patients who received laparoscopic radical resection for colorectal cancer at Xi'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from March 2021 to December 2023 were selected as a research objects, and they were divided into low concentration group, medium concentration group and high concentration group according to random number table method, with 55 cases in each group. All patients were received ultrasound-guided TAPB at the end of the operation, the concentration of ropivacaine was 0.20% in low concentration group, 0.25% in medium concentration group and 0.375% in high concentration group. The perioperative conditions, changes of visual analogue scale (VAS) scores 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h after surgery were compared among the three groups, and the changes of pain transmitters [substance P (SP), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)] and stress response [cortisol (Cor) and norepinephrine (NE)] before and 24 h after surgery were compared, the scores of the Mini-Mental State Examination Scale (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA) before, 24 h and 72 h after surgery were compared, and the incidence of adverse reactions was compared.

The first postoperative analgesic pump compression time in the low concentration group were shorter than that in the medium and high concentration groups. The number of analgesic pump compression time and the dosage of sufentanil in the low concentration group were higher than those in the medium and high concentration groups. The first postoperative analgesic pump compression time in the medium concentration group was shorter than that in the high concentration group (P<0.05), and there were no statistically significant differences in the number of analgesic pump compression time, the dosage of sufentanil, the time of the first postoperative exhaust and the length of hospital stay between the medium and high concentration groups (P>0.05). The VAS scores at 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after surgery in the low concentration group were higher than those in the medium and high concentration groups, the VAS score at 6 h after surgery in the medium concentration group was higher than that in the high concentration group (P<0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference in the VAS score at 12 h after surgery between the medium and high concentration groups (P>0.05). The levels of SP, PGE2, Cor and NE at 24 h after surgery in the low concentration group were higher than those in the medium and high concentration groups (P<0.05), while the levels of SP, PGE2, Cor and NE at 24 h after surgery in medium and high concentration groups had no statistically significant differences (P>0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in MMSE scores and MoCA scores at 24 h and 72 h after surgery among the three groups (P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions among the three groups (P>0.05).

Ultrasound-guided TAPB with 0.25% concentration of ropivacaine has a good effect on postoperative analgesia in patients after colorectal cancer surgery, which can effectively reduce the secretion of pain transmitters and relieve stress response, and has good safety.

To study the effect of adaptive biofeedback training combined with self-designed Chinese prescription in patients with exit obstructive constipation (OOC).

A total of 86 OOC patients admitted to Chengyang District People's Hospital of Qingdao from February 2023 to October 2024 were divided into observation group and control group according to random number table method, with 43 cases in each group. The control group was treated with adaptive biofeedback training, and the observation group was treated with self-designed Chinese prescription on the basis of the control group. The clinical efficacy of two groups of patients after 4 weeks of treatment were compared, the constipation symptom scores before and after treatment, the quality of life questionnaire for constipation patients (PAC-QOL), gastrointestinal hormones (cholecystokinin, motilin, gastrin, vasoactive intestinal peptide), pelvic floor surface electromyography values (average amplitude of rapid contraction, 10 second sustained contraction, and durable contraction), anorectal dynamics (rectal defecation sensation threshold, initial rectal sensation threshold, rectal anal pressure gradient) were compared, and the adverse reactions during treatment were compared.

After 4 weeks of treatment, the total effective rate of observation group was higher than that of control group (P<0.05); the constipation symptom score and PAC-QOL score of the observation group were lower than those of the control group (P<0.05); the levels of cholecystokinin, motilin and gastrin in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), and the level of vasoactive intestinal peptide was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05); the average amplitude of rapid contraction, 10 second sustained contraction and durable contraction in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05); the threshold of supportive defecation sensation and initial rectal sensation threshold in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), and the rectal anal pressure gradient was greater than that in the control group (P<0.05). No obvious adverse reactions were observed in both groups.

Adaptive biofeedback training combined with self-designed Chinese prescription has significant effects on OOC patients, which can effectively reduce symptoms, improve quality of life, regulate gastrointestinal hormone secretion, and optimize anorectal dynamics.

Pancreatic fat infiltration, also known as pancreatic steatosis, is characterized by excessive lipid accumulation within the pancreas, which can lead to irreversible fat replacement of pancreatic cells. In severe cases, it can result in non-alcoholic fatty pancreas disease, associated with clinical manifestations such as β-cell dysfunction, type 2 diabetes, and acute pancreatitis. As a trigger and risk factor for various diseases, the diagnosis and management of pancreatic fat infiltration are crucial for early detection and intervention. This review focuses on the epidemiological characteristics of pancreatic fat infiltration and its relationship with acute pancreatitis, highlights the latest research progress, and explores relevant pathophysiological mechanisms, aiming to provide insights for clinical diagnosis and intervention.