Relationship between SPOCD1 expression and clinicopathological features, postoperative recurrence and metastasis in colorectal cancer

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-2015.2025.01.008

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective

To investigate the relationship between the expression of SPOC domain protein-1 (SPOCD1) in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues, clinicopathological features and postoperative recurrence and metastasis.

Methods

A total of 150 CRC patients who underwent radical CRC operation in Shangluo Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from April 2018 to April 2022 were retrospectively selected. The R language was used to extracted and analyzed the expression of SPOCD1 mRNA in CRC tumor tissues and normal tissues in TCGA colorectal cancer data and GSE110224 data sets. The expression of SPOCD1 in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. The clinicopathological features of patients were summarized, and the clinicopathological features of CRC patients with different SPOCD1 protein expression were explored. According to the 2-year follow-up results, all patients were divided into recurrence and metastasis group (n=72) and non-recurrence and metastasis group (n=78), and the expression of SPOCD1 in cancer tissues of the two groups was compared.Kaplan-Meier curve was used to analyze the effect of SPOCD1 expression on the risk of postoperative recurrence and metastasis of CRC, and univariate and multivariate COX regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of postoperative recurrence and metastasis of CRC.

Results

The expression level of SPOCD1 mRNA in cancer tissues was higher than that in adjacent tissues, the high expression rate of SPOCD1 protein in cancer tissues (59.33% vs. 35.33%) was higher than that in paracancer tissues(P＜0.001). There were statistically significant differences in TNM stage, differentiation degree, lymph node metastasis and vascular invasion in CRC patients with different SPOCD1 expression in cancer tissues(all P＜0.05). The high expression rate of SPOCD1 protein in recurrence and metastasis group (73.61% vs.46.15%) was significantly higher than that in non-recurrence and metastasis group (P＜0.001).Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the risk of postoperative recurrence and metastasis was significantly increased in patients with high expression of SPOCD1 in CRC tissues (Log-Rank χ²=15.044, P＜0.001).Stage Ⅲ, low differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and high expression of SPOCD1 in cancer tissue were independent risk factors for postoperative recurrence and metastasis in CRC patients (all P＜0.05).

Conclusion

SPOCD1 is highly expressed in CRC tissues, which is closely related to the pathological features of patients. High expression of SPOCD1 in cancer tissue increases the risk of postoperative recurrence and metastasis in CRC patients and is an independent risk factor for postoperative recurrence and metastasis in CRC patients.

Key words: Colorectal cancer, SPOCD1, Clinicopathological features, Recurrence and metastasis, Prognosis, Risk factor

Hongliang Duan, Hongmei Zhao, Tao Li, Jianfeng Xin. Relationship between SPOCD1 expression and clinicopathological features, postoperative recurrence and metastasis in colorectal cancer[J]. Chinese Journal of Digestion and Medical Imageology(Electronic Edition), 2025, 15(01): 40-45.

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URL: https://zhxhbyyxzz.cma-cmc.com.cn/EN/10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-2015.2025.01.008

https://zhxhbyyxzz.cma-cmc.com.cn/EN/Y2025/V15/I01/40

Figures/Tables 8

组别	例数	SPOCD1 mRNA表达( $\overset{ˉ}{x}$ ±s)	SPOCD1蛋白表达[例(%)]
组别	例数	SPOCD1 mRNA表达( $\overset{ˉ}{x}$ ±s)	高表达	低表达
癌组织	150	1.22±0.32	89(59.33)	61(40.67)
癌旁组织	150	0.37±0.13	53(35.33)	97(64.67)
t/χ²值		29.541	17.329
P值		0.000	0.000

组别	例数	SPOCD1 mRNA表达( $\overset{ˉ}{x}$ ±s)	SPOCD1蛋白表达[例(%)]
组别	例数	SPOCD1 mRNA表达( $\overset{ˉ}{x}$ ±s)	高表达	低表达
癌组织	150	1.22±0.32	89(59.33)	61(40.67)
癌旁组织	150	0.37±0.13	53(35.33)	97(64.67)
t/χ²值		29.541	17.329
P值		0.000	0.000

临床资料		例数	SPOCD1高表达(n=89)	SPOCD1低表达(n=61)	χ ²值	P值
年龄	＜60岁	30	21(23.60)	9(14.75)	1.768	0.184
	≥60岁	120	68(76.40)	52(85.25)
性别	男	69	37(41.57)	32(52.46)	1.727	0.189
	女	81	52(58.43)	29(47.54)
肿瘤位置	结肠	113	65(73.03)	48(78.69)	0.623	0.430
	直肠	37	24(26.97)	13(21.31)
肿瘤直径	＜5cm	96	53(59.55)	43(70.49)	1.881	0.170
	≥5cm	54	36(40.45)	18(29.51)
TNM分期	I～Ⅱ	92	44(49.44)	48(78.69)	13.057	0.000
	Ⅲ	58	45(50.56)	13(21.31)
分化程度	中高分化	121	67(75.28)	54(88.52)	4.070	0.044
	低分化	29	22(24.72)	7(11.48)
浸润深度	T1～T2	35	21(23.60)	14(22.95)	0.008	0.927
	T3～T4	115	68(76.40)	47(77.05)
淋巴结转移	无	81	41(46.07)	40(65.57)	5.544	0.019
	有	69	48(53.93)	21(34.43)
脉管浸润	无	102	54(60.67)	48(78.69)	5.398	0.020
	有	48	35(39.33)	13(21.31)

组别	例数	高表达	低表达
复发转移组	72	53(73.61)	19(26.39)
未复发转移组	78	36(46.15)	42(53.85)

临床资料		例数	复发转移组(n=72)	未复发转移组(n=78)	χ ²值	P值
年龄	＜60岁	30	13(18.06)	17(21.79)	0.327	0.567
	≥60岁	120	59(81.94)	61(78.21)
性别	男	69	36(50.00)	33(42.31)	0.892	0.345
	女	81	36(50.00)	45(57.69)
肿瘤位置	结肠	113	51(70.83)	62(79.49)	1.509	0.219
	直肠	37	21(29.17)	16(20.51)
肿瘤直径	＜5cm	96	41(56.94)	55(70.51)	2.992	0.084
	≥5cm	54	31(43.06)	23(29.49)
TNM分期	I～Ⅱ	92	35(48.61)	57(73.08)	9.450	0.002
	Ⅲ	58	37(51.39)	21(26.92)
分化程度	中高分化	121	49(68.06)	72(92.31)	14.120	0.000
	低分化	29	23(31.94)	6(7.69)
浸润深度	T1～T2	35	14(19.44)	21(26.92)	1.171	0.279
	T3～T4	115	58(80.56)	57(73.08)
淋巴结转移	无	81	29(40.28)	52(66.67)	10.496	0.001
	有	69	43(59.72)	26(33.33)
脉管浸润	无	102	46(63.89)	56(71.79)	1.075	0.300
	有	48	26(36.11)	22(28.21)

变量		名称	赋值
因变量	Y	术后复发转移	0=未发生，1=发生
自变量	X1	TNM分期	0=I～Ⅱ期，1=Ⅲ期
	X2	分化程度	0=中高分化，1=低分化
	X3	淋巴结转移	0=无，1=有
	X4	SPOCD1蛋白表达	0=低表达，1=高表达

变量	β	SE	Wald	P	HR(95%CI)
TNM分期	0.674	0.241	7.835	0.005	1.961(1.224～3.143)
分化程度	0.831	0.259	10.318	0.001	2.296(1.383～3.812)
淋巴结转移	0.766	0.243	9.914	0.002	2.150(1.335～3.464)
SPOCD1蛋白表达	0.674	0.273	6.094	0.014	1.963(1.149～3.353)

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