To investigate the application value of gastrointestinal contrast-enhanced ultrasound in evaluating gastric motility and gastric wall morphological changes in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) of different severity.

A total of 200 FD patients who visited Xidian Group Hospital from 2022 to 2024 were selected as the research group, the severity of the condition was classified according to the Rome Ⅳ criteria, dividing the FD patients into 78 cases of epigastric pain syndrome (EPS) and 122 cases of postprandial distress syndrome (PDS). Additionally, 100 healthy individuals were selected as the control group. The gastric emptying rate (GER), gastric emptying time (ET), gastric an/trum motility index (MI), incidence of duodenogastric reflux (DGR), gastric antrum wall thickness, and gastric wall layering clarity were compared among the groups. Point-Bisserial correlation analysis method was adopted to analyze the correlations between gastric motility indicators, gastric wall morphological parameters and the severity of the disease in patients of the EPS group and the PDS group respectively.

The research group showed that GER, MI, and gastric wall layering clarity were all lower than the control group, while GET, gastric antrum wall thickness, and DGR were all higher than the control group (P<0.05). In PDS patients, GER, MI, and gastric wall layering clarity were all lower than those in EPS patients, while GET, gastric antrum wall thickness, and DGR were all higher than those in EPS patients (P<0.05). Point-Biserial correlation analysis revealed that in FD patients, GER and MI were negatively correlated with the severity of the condition, while GET and gastric antrum wall thickness were positively correlated with the severity of the condition (P<0.05).

Gastrointestinal contrast ultrasound has high clinical value in evaluating gastric motility and gastric wall morphological changes in patients with different severity of FD, and can provide an important reference for the diagnosis and treatment of FD.