Constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C), as a common functional gastrointestinal disorder, has a significant negative impact on the quality of life of patients. Currently, drug treatment faces many limitations, and non-pharmaceutical rehabilitation intervention based on the brain-gut axis theory has become a research hotspot. This article systematically reviews and compares the application evidence, mechanism of action and scope of application of non-pharmaceutical intervention strategies based on the brain-gut axis (including central nervous system regulation, peripheral orientation intervention, diet and cognitive behavioral intervention, traditional medicine and complementary and alternative therapies) in IBS-C. Analysis shows that individualized and multimodal intervention targeting specific pathophysiological subtypes (such as central sensitization and pelvic floor dysregulation) is the future trend. This article aims to provide evidence-based basis for the formulation of precise rehabilitation plans in clinical practice and clarify future research directions.