To investigate the clinical characteristics and high resolution CT(HRCT)findings of children with obliterative bronchiolitis(OB)caused by infection.

A total of 32 children diagnosed with OB were enrolled in this retrospective study from January 2014 to January 2016 in General Hospital of Jinan Military Region.The clinical manifestations, HRCT findings, pulmonary function test results and pathogen examination were observed and analyzed.

All patients had wheezing symptoms and 29 patients had cough symptoms.Twenty patients presented persistent or repeated wet rales, and 13 patients exhibited shortness of breath after the activities.HRCT results showed that uneven pulmonary irritation and mosaic perfusion sign were observed in 29 cases, glass opacity in 25 cases, bronchial wall thickening and bronchiectasis in 17 cases and mesh shadow in 3 cases.Pulmonary function test showed that 27 cases had small airway ventilation dysfunction, 2 cases had mixed ventilation dysfunction and 3 cases with diastolic test showed negative results.Pathological examination was positive in 28 cases(87.5%), which mainly were adenovirus infection and mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, and the rest 4 cases(12.5%)were reported negative.

The clinical manifestations of OB in children were quite different.It is very important to make a diagnosis with clinical manifestations combined with HRCT findings.